CAPACITY BUILDING NEEDS OF TEACHERS OF FABRICATION AND WELDING ENGINEERING CRAFT PRACTICE FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN ONDO AND EKITI STATES

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice for effective teaching in Technical Colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Ten research questions guided the study while four null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance and 100 degree of freedom. The entire population of 102 respondents consisting of

57 teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in technical colleges and 45

metal fabricators in industries were used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire which contained 95 items. The questionnaire items were face validated by three experts. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was determined using Cronbach Alpha method and coefficient of 0.82 was obtained. Weighted mean and Improvement Need Index (INI) were used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that all the 69 competencies in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and 26 competencies in pedagogy were needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice for effective teaching. The findings of the study also revealed that teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building in the 69 competencies in the four areas of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and 26 competencies in pedagogy for effective teaching in Technical Colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States. The findings on hypotheses revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean ratings of the two groups of respondents on the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in all the four areas of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice for effective teaching in technical colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States. It was therefore recommended that the findings of this study be utilized to develop capacity building programmes for teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in technical colleges in the area of study.

Image

Upload or drag an image file here, or pick one from your library.UploadMedia LibraryInsert from URL

1

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Vocational Education is the acquisition of skills in a chosen occupation to enable an individual earns a living. Okoro (2004), defined vocational education as the form of education whose primary purpose is to prepare persons for employment in recognized occupations. In the view of Ogwo and Oranu (2006), Vocational Education is an aspect of general school curriculum concerned  with  acquisition  of  knowledge,  skills  and  attitudes  necessary  for  serving  and advancing in a given occupation. Vocational Education, in the context of this study, is an aspect of education in which students are equipped with knowledge, skills and attitudes needed for employment in the world of work. Vocational education at Technical College level serves as a preparatory programme for an advanced technical or professional occupation.

Abubakar (1998), defined Technical College as the institution which provides recipients, through training, with adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes for gainful employment under the guidance of teachers in related occupations. Technical College, according to Okoro (1999), is the principal vocational institution in Nigeria which is designed to prepare the individual to acquire practical skills, knowledge, and attitudes required of technicians at sub-professional level. This implies that Technical College program is designed to produce graduates with saleable skills required for employment in industries or for self employment as technicians.

The goals of Technical Colleges, as stated in the National Policy on Education (2004), are:

        To  provide  trained  manpower  in  the  applied  sciences,  technology  and  business

particularly at craft, advanced craft and technical levels;

1

             To provide the technical knowledge and  vocational skills necessary for agricultural, commercial and economic development;

             To give training and impart the necessary skills to individual who shall be self-reliant economically.

Technical Colleges train students in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice as a trade NPE (2004). Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice is designed to expose recipients to the activities of building metal structures by cutting, bending, assembling and joining. According to the National Board for Technical Education (N.B.T.E) (2001), Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice is a trade designed to train and impart skills leading to the production of craftsmen, technicians and other skilled personnel who will be self reliant. N.B.T.E, further listed the following trade components of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice, which include:

        Sheet metal work

        Arc welding

        Gas welding

        Structural steel work

The skills involved in these components of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice  are  expected to  be  acquired  by students to  enable them demonstrate the  skills  in industries like metal fabricators after graduation. A metal fabricator, in the view of Ghoshal (2000), is a person who is skilled in producing metal objects to meet the changing taste of consumers in a society. The skills in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice are imparted to students by their teachers.

A teacher is a person who  imparts knowledge, skills and attitudes to students. Oon (2002), described teacher as a person who had undergone approved professional training in education at appropriate levels and is capable of imparting knowledge, skills and attitudes to students. Teacher, in the view of Olaitan, Alaribe and Nwobu (2009), is someone who has undergone a  teacher preparatory program and  charged with the  responsibility of managing learning behavior of the students. In the context of this study, a teacher is someone who had been trained technically and professionally and is capable of imparting knowledge, skills and attitudes in his subject area to his students in line with pedagogy.

Pedagogy is the art of helping people to learn. Pedagogy, according to Knowles (2000), is the art and science of teaching. Nwana (2008), defined teaching as a formal educational situation in  which  deliberate  effort  is    made  by  a  teacher  to  transmit  to  students    predetermined knowledge, skills and attitudes with an aim to positively change the behavior of the students. Teaching, in the view of Duyilemi (2008), is imparting of knowledge, training in skills and giving instruction. Olaitain and  Ali (1997), defined instruction as experiences provided for learners with the intention to bring about learning, which is desirable, that is, a positive change in behaviour. This implies that the art of receiving instruction is teaching. In the context of this study, teaching is a formal educational situation in which deliberate effort is made by the teacher of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice to transmit acquired competencies (knowledge, skills and attitudes) to students in technical colleges in Ondo and Ekiti states. Effective teaching is an essential thing in teaching.

Effective teaching as defined by Mogbo (2004), is the process of imparting accurately what the teacher is supposed to teach using correct methodology. Effective teaching, according to Lawal (2011), is a process where a teacher imparts knowledge, skills and attitudes to students

using correct methodology, techniques, and teaching aids to make the students to be able to demonstrate the skills taught to them by their teacher at any point in time. In the context of this study, effective teaching is a process of teaching in which a teacher of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice imparts knowledge, skills and attitudes to students using correct methodology and teaching aids to enable them demonstrate the acquired skills. This implies that there is a need for effective teaching of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice.

Need, according to Procter in Olaitan and Hassan (2010), is a condition of lacking or wanting something necessary or useful. McCaslin (2012), viewed need as something considered necessary or required to accomplish a purpose. In the context of this study, need is something considered necessary like competence which teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice require in other to achieve the objectives of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice at Technical College level.

Competency,  according  to  Olaitan  (2003),  is  the  knowledge,  skills,  attitudes  and judgment which are required in order to perform successfully at a special proficiency level in a program. Osinem and Nwoji (2010), defined competency as the individual’s ability to use, apply and demonstrate a group of related awareness, knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to perform tasks and duties successfully and which can be measured against well-accepted standard (levels) required in employment as well as assessed against provided evidences at work location. In the context of this study, competency is the ability of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice to apply and demonstrate knowledge, skills and attitudes of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice to students in technical colleges. If the teacher could perform the competencies to the acceptable level, the teacher is viewed to be of good  quality.  On  the  other  hand,  if  the  teacher  is  unable  to  demonstrate  the  required

competencies in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice to acceptable level, then there is a gap. A gap indicates the difference between what a teacher is expected to do and what he is able to do. To fill this gap, a teacher of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice requires capacity building.

Capacity building is an attempt aimed at increasing an individual’s ability to perform a job or task. United Nation Environment Program (U.N.E.P) (2006), defined capacity building as the building abilities, relationships and values that will enable organizations, groups and individuals to improve their performance and achieve their objectives. Olaitan, Alaribe and Nwobu (2009), referred to capacity building as efforts geared toward improving the level of knowledge, skills and attitudes possessed by an individual for proficiency in a given task or job. In this study, capacity building is an effort geared towards improving competencies possessed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in order to perform effectively in meeting target objective of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in technical colleges.

From the authors cited above and with reference to this study, capacity building need is a required efforts geared towards strengthening the competencies of teachers of  Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice for the purpose of improving their proficiency in  imparting skills to students. In order to ensure an effective capacity building, there is need to identify the competencies needed in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and then determine the gap. That is, this study will identify the competencies required in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice through literature and also identify the competency areas where the teachers are deficient and in which they need capacity building.

Statement of the Problem

Technical college graduates of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice are expected to be competent in demonstrating the skills in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice to enable them to be self-employed or employer of labour after graduation as this has been the objective of vocational and technical education at technical college level.

Despite this, Okoro (1999), confirmed that the products of technical institutions are unable to take up the available jobs due to inadequate practical skills. Similarly, technical college graduates of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in Ondo and Ekiti States are unable to take up the available jobs because of inadequate practical skills in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice. Ogbuanya, Bakare and Igweh (2009), confirmed that most of the graduates turn out by technical colleges every year acquire little or no practical skills and find it difficult to set up their own workshops. There is no exception of this statement in Ondo and Ekiti States as graduates of technical colleges who studied Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in the two States find it difficult to set up their own workshops due to inadequate practical skills.

Capacity building required by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in technical colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States which could be organized for the teachers to put an end to inadequate practical skills by the graduates may be lacking. This, however, may be responsible for the inadequate practical skills by the graduates of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in the two States.

Therefore, it has become necessary to identify the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft  Practice and determine their expected levels of competencies and  areas where the  teachers are  deficient  and  in  which they  need  capacity

building  for  effective  teaching  of  Fabrication  and  Welding  Engineering  Craft  Practice  in technical colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States.

Purpose of the Study

The major purpose of this study was to determine the Capacity Building needs of teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft  Practice  for  effective  teaching  in  technical colleges in Ondo and Ekiti States. Specifically, the study sought to:

1.        Identify competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft

Practice in sheet metal work for effective teaching.

2.        Identify competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft

Practice in arc welding for effective teaching.

3.        Identify competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft

Practice in gas welding for effective teaching.

4.        Identify competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft

Practice in structural steel work for effective teaching.

5.        Identify competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft

Practice in pedagogy for effective teaching.

6.        Determine capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in sheet metal work for effective teaching.

7.        Determine capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in arc welding for effective teaching.

8.        Determine capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in gas welding for effective teaching.

9.        Determine capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in structural steel work for effective teaching.

10.      Determine capacity building needs of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in pedagogy for effective teaching.

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will be of benefits to curriculum developers in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice program, administrators of technical colleges, teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft  Practice,  students of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice, industries, parents and society.

The findings of this study will be of benefit to the curriculum developers in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice programme. It will provide information to curriculum planners on aspect of the Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice that requires improvement.  Capacity  building   needed  by  the   teachers  of  Fabrication  and   Welding Engineering Craft Practice will be integrated by the curriculum planners for the purpose of improving the teacher education curriculum in  Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice.

The findings of this study will be of great benefit to the administrators of technical colleges. It will provide information to them on the areas in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice where the staff needs improvement. The curriculum will spell it out the  areas  in  Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft  Practice  where the  staff requires improvement thereby making the administrators to organize short capacity building programme

in  Fabrication  and   Welding  Engineering  Craft  Practice  for  their  staffs  for  improved performance.

The findings of this study will be of great benefit to teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice. It will provide information to them on the areas of improvement in the skills of sheet metal work, arc welding, gas welding and structural steel work. The information will help the teachers to attend capacity building programme on technical and pedagogical skills for improvement and efficiency in Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice.

The findings of this study will be beneficial to students of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice. It will provide them opportunity of learning useful employment skills thereby making them prepared for later or future employment.

The findings of this study will be of benefit to parents. Their wards will no longer spend much time in labour market before securing employment due to the adequate knowledge and skills possessed. Hence, this will make them to improve the economic status of the home.

The findings of this study will be of great benefit to industries since they can acquire employees with appropriate knowledge, skills and experience manpower that will fit into the industries. This will, in turn, improve efficiency of the industries, in that capable hands will be available.

The findings of this study will be beneficial to community. Society notion about technical education will change when the graduates are able to demonstrate competency in industries. This will also reduce undesirable behaviour as well as contributing to the economic growth of the society through their productivity.

Research Questions

The following research questions were formulated to guide the study:

1.        What are the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in sheet metal work for effective teaching?

2.          What are the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in arc welding for effective teaching?

3.        What are the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in gas welding for effective teaching?

4.        What are the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in structural steel work for effective teaching?

5.        What are the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering

Craft Practice in pedagogy for effective teaching?

6.        What  are  the  competencies in  sheet  metal  work  where  teachers  of  Fabrication  and

Welding Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building for effective teaching?

7.        What are the competencies in arc welding where teachers of Fabrication and Welding

Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building for effective teaching?

8.        What are the competencies in gas welding where teachers of Fabrication and Welding

Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building for effective teaching?

9.        What are the competencies in structural steel work where teachers of Fabrication and

Welding Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building for effective teaching?

10.      What are the competencies in pedagogy where teachers of Fabrication and Welding

Engineering Craft Practice need capacity building for effective teaching?

Hypotheses

The following hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance and

100 degree of freedom:

H01: There is no significant difference in the mean ratings of the responses of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and metal fabricators in industries on the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice in sheet metal work for effective teaching.

H02: There is no significant difference in the mean ratings of the responses of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and metal fabricators in industries on the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice in arc welding for effective teaching.

H03: There is no significant difference in the mean ratings of the responses of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and metal fabricators in industries on the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice in gas welding for effective teaching.

H04: There is no significant difference in the mean ratings of the responses of teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice and metal fabricators in industries on the competencies needed by teachers of Fabrication and  Welding Engineering Craft Practice in structural steel work for effective teaching.

Scope of the Study

The study was delimited to capacity building needs on sheet metal work, arc welding, gas welding, structural steel work and pedagogy. It was also restricted to teachers of Fabrication and Welding Enginering Craft Practice in technical colleges and metal fabricators in industries in Ondo and Ekiti states. It was also delimited to the collection of information from teachers of Fabrication and Welding Engineering Craft Practice in technical colleges and metal fabricators in industries in Ondo and Ekiti States.

₦5,000.00 – DOWNLOAD FULL PROJECT DOWNLOAD FULL PROJECT Added to cart

---

---

---

---

---

Related Project Topics :