ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION SYSTEM

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

The importance of electricity in the higher institutions of learning cannot be overemphasized. However, electrical power generation in many universities in Nigeria is self generated by the institutions as the inadequate national power supply by the countries power generation company is insufficient to handle the electrical needs of the institution. To this end power generating plants are purchased and utilized in these institutions for the purpose of generating electric power.

A power plant is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. At the center of nearly all power stations is a generator, a rotating machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power by creating relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely. It depends chiefly on which fuels are easily available, cheap enough and on the types of technology that the power company has access to. The  power plants are used in the universities for supplying electrical power to their buildings and infrastructures such as the academic blocks where the lectures halls exists, the administrative quarters where the offices of the school staff are located and the hostel blocks where the students are accommodated.

• Statement of the problem

Due to the efforts made by most institutions to minimize the monetary resources available for the management of the school affairs, the electric power supply is rationed amongst the various building infrastructures available in the university premises. Most often this is done without a well defined rationing plan which amounts to some infrastructure getting more power supply than others. So poor rationing is a major problem that hinders electricity to be distributed evenly in some of the buildings in the higher institutions of learning and it need to be tacked effectively.

• Objectives of the study

The main objective of the study is to determine the electrical power distribution information system in the higher institutions of learning in Nigeria. However for the successful completion of the study, the following sub objectives were put forward by the researcher:

1. To ascertain the efficiency of power distribution information system in the institution.
2. To ascertain the impact electricity power rotation system in power distribution in the campuses.

• To ascertain the role of electricity generation in meeting the demand for power supply

1. To recommend ways of ensuring effective and efficient power distribution strategy in the campuses.

1.4 Research Hypotheses

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated:

H₀: Power distribution information systems in institutions are not efficient

H₁: power distribution information system in institution are very efficient

H₀: electricity power rotation system does not have any impact on electricity distribution in campuses

H₂: electricity power rotation system has a significant impact on electricity distribution in campuses.

1.5 Significance of the study

It is conceived that at the successful completion of the study, the findings will ensue that the higher institutions of learning will enjoy the benefits of having electric power supply through the efficient regulation of electricity  to the various buildings infrastructure available in the universities and excessive money spending will be curtailed as limited resources will be utilized effectively.

It is conceived that the study will also be of great importance to researcher who are in need of information on similar field. Finally, the study will also be of great importance to lecturers, teacher’s students and the general public.

• Scope and limitation of the study

The scope of the study is to determine the electrical power distribution information system in the higher institutions of learning in Nigeria. However, the study has some constrained and limitations which are:

(a)Availability of research material: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study.

(b)Time: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

(c)Finance: The finance available for the research work does not allow for wider coverage as resources are very limited as the researcher has other academic bills to cover.

1.7  Definition of terms

Electricity

Electricity is the science, engineering, technology and physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charges. It gives a wide variety of well-known electrical effects such as lightning, static electricity, electromagnetic induction and the flow of electrical current in an electrical wire.

Electrical grid

An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers.

Smart grid

A smart grid is an electrical grid that uses computers and other technology to gather and act on information such as information about the behaviors of suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity.

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