PROBLEM OF PREGNANCY AND ABORTION ON GIRL-CHILD EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Abstract

This study was on problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl child education in Nigeria. Four objectives were raised which included: To find out and look into the problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education performance that prevails in our secondary schools, to study the causes of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education, to identify the factors responsible for pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education and to study the remedies/ways of reducing pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up of principals, principals adm, teachers and parents were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies

 Chapter one

Introduction

1.1Background of the study

Abortion is the expulsion of the offspring in a state of development from the womb between one to seven months of pregnancy (4 weeks – 28 weeks) which is giving birth before the right time. In most cases of abortion it is referred to as miscarriage of birth. Abortion should be considered as a lifesaving situation due to illness (threatening). But however it is being practice at will due to societal changes and operations. It is a situation where life is being tempered and it is becoming too dangerous and threatening to the life of the mother.

Abortion is also a form of removing pregnancy from the womb either by taking pills (medical abortion) which involves taking medicines to cause where the pregnancy is removed from the womb basis which means you do not need to stay at a clinic overnight. Every year almost twelve thousand (12,000) teenage girls have abortion (Bpas 2019)

Abortion consists of two types which are the PILLS AND SURGICAL abortion. The pills abortion is used after 9 to 24 weeks of pregnancy which involves taking of medicines to cause the womb to contract and push the pregnancy. Also from 22 weeks after which the pregnancy is push out and an injection to the womb is given such injections are given to ensure the homeostatic balance of the uterus. However a checkup visit to the clinic is also required.

Surgical abortion is the dilation and evacuation of the fetus which takes up to 15-24 weeks of the pregnancy. In surgical abortion the doctors are required to remove the pregnancy using narrow forceps passed through the neck of the womb. This form of abortion is carried out under general anesthetic conditions (asleep).

In surgical abortions one of can visit the clinic and return home the same day of abortion (for pregnancy up to 20 week). (Bpas2017).

Abortion is obviously increasing and identical as a problem in so many ways, it destabilizes the teenager’s educational career as useful member of society. She is stigmatized by the society and in the long run returns the girl into a prostitute. Another major incidence of pregnancy and abortion is the socio-cultural background of people within Idah local community. This is attributed to the orientation or beliefs which subjected the girl child to early hawking at a very tender age of about nine to ten years (9-10). These inappropriate exposures make her vulnerable as well as the deceitfulness of irresponsible young boys and old men, usually compromise with her innocence.

It is a common fact that the problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl child education in our secondary schools is spreading in our communities  and this need to be eradicated or reduced in the local government  in other words to solve this problem the parents and teachers should mould their children to be better adults.

The government should introduce sex education in our secondary schools, and tertiary institutions and introduce relevant academic curriculum in order to reduce the cases of unwanted pregnancy.

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl child education are being as a major problem that causes backwardness in a girl child education. The study is aimed at finding out what bought about pregnancy and abortion and also the researcher will try to know whether harsh economic situation contributes to the problem of pregnancy and abortion in Yaba Local Government as a case study   

  OBJECTIVES  OF THE STUDY

The general objectives of this study is to assess the correlation between pregnancy and abortion on the girl–child education in Nigeria using secondary school in Yaba local government as a case study.

The specific objectives however are:

1. To find out and look into the problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education performance that prevails in our secondary schools
2. To study the causes of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education.
3. To identify the factors responsible for pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education.
4. To study the remedies/ways of reducing pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The major importance of this study is to contribute to human knowledge and the findings will serve as a resource material or reference to the problem for the ways out.

Since Nigeria is faced with factors such as falling prey to criminal activity, abortion, ostracism and child abuse problems. The study helps to know the causes, effects and solution for tackling the problem of pregnancy and abortion on a girl-child education in Glorious international Sec. in government.

The significance of study includes:

1. Formulation of policies and policy administration in Nigeria to reduce pregnancy and abortion.
2. Help in sensitizing private, government, non-governmental organizations and so on, in reducing the mentioned problems facing the country

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

In order to understand the problem of pregnancy and abortion in our secondary schools Yaba Local Government Area, this   project will attempt to answer the following questions:

• Is improper training of female children that causes pregnancy and abortion?
• Do you learn sex education in your schools or at home?
• Do you know any student that has experience pregnancy and abortion?
• What is responsible for pregnancy and abortion in your school?
• Will pregnancy affect your education?
• Is poor living condition of the family lead to pregnancy and abortion in your school?
• Is pregnancy and abortion a global issue nowadays?
• Are environmental influence causes of pregnancy and abortion in your school?

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work focuses on problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl –child education in Nigeria with particular reference to Yaba Local Government Area in Lagos State.

DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research will be based on particular reference to our secondary school in yaba Government Area of  Lagos State.  The research view is intended to look into the issue of  sexual violence against teenagers to  prove the evidence on the  problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl child education in our secondary schools  the incidence will determine to show  the consequences of sexual violence in our secondary schools.

Also more comprehensive work is expected on this project work due to unwillingness, failure and uncooperative attitude of some schools administrators in some schools visited, to provide substantial and effective  records in order to  understand  the problem of  pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education in our secondary schools.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

• ABORTION: The deliberate termination of pregnancy so that it doesn’t result in the birth of a child during 28 weeks.
• PREGNANCY: Also known as gestation, is the time of during which pregnancy on or more offspring develops inside a woman.
• POLICY: A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by an organization or individual..
• GOVERNMENT: The group of people with the authority to govern a country or state, a particular ministry in office.
• MISCARRIAGE: Miscarriage is when an embryo or fetus dies before the 20^th week of pregnancy.
• UTERUS; Is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and the rectum
• CHILD ABUSE: Also known as child maltreatment is physical, sexual and/ or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or caregiver.
• SEXUAL VIOLENCE: Is any sexual act or attempt to obtain a sexual act by violence or coercion, acts to  traffic a person, or acts directed against a person’s  sexuality, regardless of the relationship to the victim.
• PEER GROUP: A group of people of approximately the same age, status and interest.
• FETUS: An unborn or unmatched offspring of a mammal, in particular an unborn human more than eight weeks after conception.

INFERRTILITY:  Happens when a couple cannot conceive after having regular unprotected sex. It could also be as a result of hormonal factors or some other factors best known to her.

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